Background: An appropriate organizational structure plays an important role in the organizational efficiency, and a proper planning structure improves workforce performance and will increase productivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the organizational structure of selected hospitals in Tehran and its relationship with hospital performance indicators in 2015.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive–analytical study was conducted in 14 public hospitals in the city of Tehran. The organizational structure questionnaire (after confirmation of its validity and reliability) was used for data collection. The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman correlation coefficients using SPSS software.

Results: According to our results, among the dimensions of organizational structure, the complexity was in midrange, while centralization and formalization were in the high level. There was a statistically significant relationship between the centralization of organizational structure and bed occupancy rate (p<0.05).

Conclusion: In order to achieving the maximum efficiency and productivity in studied hospitals, the amount of the organizational centralization can decrease by considering business environment.