Abstract Background: It has been proved that emotion regulation plays an important role in adaptation to the stressful life events. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the cognitive emotion regulation strategies in soldiers with behavioral problems and healthy people. Materials and Methods: In this causal-comparative (ex-post facto) study, 60 soldiers with behavioral problems and 60 healthy people were selected by purposive sampling. The tools employed in this research are CERQ-Short form and demographic questionnaires and the data provided was analyzed by descriptive statistic (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) alongside inferential statistic (means’ comparison, MANOVA) measures using SPSS software (version 21). Results: Results showed significant difference between the cognitive emotion regulation strategies in soldiers with behavioral problems and healthy people Moreover, results indicated that soldiers with behavioral problems facing the negative life events use the cognitive emotion of regulation negative strategies, but healthy people use the cognitive emotion regulation positive strategies Conclusion: soldiers with behavioral problems in facing the negative life events, they use the cognitive emotion regulation maladaptive and negative strategies. Keywords: Cognitive emotion regulation, soldiers, behavioral problems