@article{ author = {Yadegari, Mehdi and mirdar, shadmehr and hamidian, gholamreza and BerenjeianTabrizi, Hossei}, title = {Evaluation of the expression levels of pulmonary HSP70 and HSP90 in response to taper in hypoxic conditions}, abstract ={Background: Despite the recognition of reduced workload in exercise as a model to increase exercise performance in normal conditions, there is no information on the effect of this training pattern on internal organs in hypoxic conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the response of HSP70 and HSP90 proteins to taper in hypoxia. Materials and methods: The samples were twenty-four healthy male Wistar rats (8 control and 16 experimental rats) with no history of disease (four-weeks old, 72±9 gr weight). The experimental group were participated in an interval training program for six weeks, and then remained in hypoxic conditions for three weeks. Half of the experimental samples performed taper technique during exposure to the hypoxic environment. At the end of experimental period, the lung tissues of all samples were removed and the expression level of HSP70 and HSP90 proteins were evaluated. One-way ANOVA method was used for data analysis and p≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 were significantly increased in the hypoxia group in contrast to the control group (p≤0.05).In the hypoxia-taper group, also, the expression of HSP70 and HSP90 was decreased significantly compared to the hypoxia group (p≤0.05). Conclusion:  The results show that hypoxia can causes biological stress in lung tissue, leading to lung protective response by increasing the expression of heat-shock proteins, and performing of interval exercise training with less intense in hypoxic conditions may help to maintain lung hemostasis.}, Keywords = {Hypoxia, Heat-Shock Proteins, Lung}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {4-12}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.1.4}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-688-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-688-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {DabbaghMoghaddam, Arasb and AkhondzadehBasti, Afshin and Keshavarz, Seyed Ali and Kamkar, Abolfazl and Sharifan, Anousheh and Misaghi, Ali and ZahraieSalehi, Taghi and Jazayeri, Seyed Abolghasem}, title = {Formulation and prototype development of an emergency ration with long shelf life and evaluation of its sensory and microbial characteristics}, abstract ={Background: Malnutrition may be one of the greatest public health problems in emergency situations such as flood, earthquake, and war that results in higher mortality among survivors. The aim of this study was formulation and prototype development of an emergency, energetic, and nutrient ration with long shelf life to minimize the mortality rate among civilians or soldiers. Materials and methods: In this study, four new rations based on wheat and rice flour (carbohydrate source), milk powder and soy flour (protein source), shortening (fat source) were formulated by trial and error method with regard to appetizing characteristics, economical concerns, cultural affairs and reasonable weight. The qualities of sensory and microbial characteristics of samples were evaluated after six months incubation and collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: By comparison of rations, one sample containing wheat flour and milk powder yielded the best scores in the most evaluations. Such ration also scored 6.37 in texture acceptance and achieved second rank (the first rank scored 6.5 in a 9 point scale). No microbial growth was seen except mesophilic bacteria that were in standard range. Conclusion: It seems that the sample ration containing wheat flour and milk powder is appropriate to be introduced as an emergency ration with desired sensory and microbial characteristics that provides a healthy and safe diet for consumers.}, Keywords = {Dietary Formulations, Prototype, Organoleptic, Food Microbiology}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {13-19}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.1.13}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-555-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-555-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {azadmanesh, majid and rashidlamir, amir and hejazi, seyed mahmou}, title = {The effect of eight-week ladder-climbing exercise on the Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) gene expression in the heart tissue of Wistar male rats}, abstract ={Background: The role of physical activity on blood pressure through its effect on Arterial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Gene has been previously approved. However, it is not clear what type of physical activity is more effective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks resistance training (ladder-climbing) on ANP gene expression in male Wistar rats. Materials and methods: The study was performed on male Wistar rats in control and resistance training groups. The exercise was climbing of a ladder with 85 degrees slope. Exercise intensity was controlled by increasing the weight and closing it to the rat tail. The heart tissue samples were collected and analyzed for ANP gene expression at 72 hours after the last training. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in ANP gene expression (p<0.05). The expression was higher in the heart tissue of training group compared to control group. Conclusion: The results of present study suggest that strength training with appropriate pattern and intensity can be a deterrent or control and management of hypertension. Probably the most important factor in resistance exercises is its effect on the structure and function of the heart, including ANP gene expression. Since the role of aerobic training was confirmed in previous studies, it is recommended that these two types of exercises be performed simultaneously.}, Keywords = {Physical Activity, Resistance Training, Atrial Natriuretic Factoractor}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {20-25}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.1.20}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-582-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-582-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Yalfani, Ali and koumasian, Zohreh and Raeisi, Zahr}, title = {Effect of eight-week water and land pilates on female patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain}, abstract ={Background: Nowadays, low back pain (LBP) is one of the common musculoskeletal disorders. In addition to suffering from general pain, people with LBP encounter with limited mobility, functional disability and failure to balance maintenance in physical activities. With regard to different treatment methods for LBP, the present study has analyzed the effects of water and land Pilates on female patient with Chronic Nonspecific LBP (CNLBP). Materials and methods: The study was performed on 24 participants with CNLBP. Participants were randomly divided into two groups each consisting of 12 members and were asked to perform water or land Pilates exercises for 24 sessions. The degrees of balance, pain, and disability were measured before and after the exercise using the Biodex balance system, the visual analogue scale, and the Oswestry disability questionnaire. Results: Significant decrease in pain severity and disability indices were seen in both groups after the Pilates exercises (p≤0.05), but no difference were found between the two groups. Land Pilates also improved static balance in patients (p=0.02), its effect on dynamic balance, however, was not statistically significant. The same exercises in water did not show significant effects on balance despite a decline in body sway. Conclusion: The land and water Pilates exercises were useful for the treatment of LBP; however, this treatment strategy can be implemented in accordance with patient preference. Nevertheless, the low impact of the exercise on balance improvement suggests for complementary exercises for patients with CNLBP.}, Keywords = {Pilates-Based Exercises, low back pain, Postural Balance}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {26-34}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.1.26}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-631-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-631-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {sadidi, mehdi and amiri, maghsoud and khalilifar, Omid and moradi, rouhalah}, title = {Technical efficiency evaluation of military hospitals in Iran using data envelopment analysis}, abstract ={Background: Healthcare costs in our economies have grown dramatically in the past few decades where inefficiency in healthcare operations has contributed to these rising costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical efficiency of military hospitals in Iran by applying a nonparametric method, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Materials and methods: DEA's main advantages for health care application are its flexibility and versatility; it requires no information on relative prices, and can easily accommodate multiple inputs and outputs. The data for this study were obtained for the years 2016 and 2017 from military hospital documents in Iran. We have selected four output variables and six input variables. Results: In this study, the technical efficiency and inefficiency of the military hospitals was determined, for hospitals with technical inefficiencies, referral hospitals were identified as patterns that could be referred to them, for inefficient units, the amount needed to reduce data and increase the number of outputs in each hospital was determined to provide fair guidance for improving their technical efficiency. Conclusion: The results of this study provide a roadmap for both the policy makers and decision makers of the military, in order to be able to optimally utilize the available resources in conditions of resource shortage with reliance on knowledge and utilizing the latest scientific techniques, and consequently improve the performance of hospitals to the frontier of efficiency.}, Keywords = {Data Analysis, Organizational Efficiency, Evaluation Studies, Hospital Administration}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {35-43}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.1.35}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-744-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-744-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mahmoudalilou, Majid and Parvaz, soheila and Khanjani, Zeinab and Hashemi, Touraj}, title = {Validation of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) in Alzheimer’s disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment}, abstract ={ Background: A clinical tool for detecting early signs of cognitive degeneracy in the elderly population can help clinicians to identify dementia in the early stages. This research was aimed to validate the Persian version of Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a group of Iranian population. Materials and methods: A total of 135 subjects (AD= 30, MCI=30 and 75 normal control) that met inclusion criteria participated in the study. All patients were diagnosed by neurologist using neuroimaging tools and routine clinical examination. Data were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Pearson’s correlation analysis and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results: ACE-III at cut-off point of 75 showed 99% sensitivity and 95% specificity in discriminating AD from the normal group and at cut-off point of 82 showed 92% sensitivity and 90% specificity in discriminating MCI from normal controls. Test-retest reliability showed a correlation of 0.94 for both AD and MCI. Internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha was 0.97. A significant difference was seen between AD and control group on total score and all ACE-III components (attention, memory, language, verbal fluency and visuospatial function). MCI group was differed from control group on memory and visiouspatial components. Conclusion: The Persian version of ACE-III is a reliable and useful cognitive screening tool for diagnosis of dementia and has a high specificity.}, Keywords = {Mental Status and Dementia Tests, Alzheimer Disease, Cognitive Dysfunction}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {44-50}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.1.44}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-615-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-615-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Rezaei, M and Irandoost, KH and Taheri, M and Mahdavi, SH}, title = {The effect of aerobic exercise and garlic supplement administration on insulin, glucose, and sleep pattern of prediabetic obese women with sleep disorders}, abstract ={Background: Physiological and behavioral disorders such as diabetes and sleep disorders have been considered as vital issues for middle-aged adults; therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and garlic intake on insulin and glucose of prediabetic obese women with sleep disorders. Materials and methods: 32 non-active prediabetic obese women with mean age of 44.33±5.59 were enrolled to the study and randomly divided into two groups of training with or without garlic supplement intake. The serum glucose and insulin levels, as well as sleep pattern of individuals were compered before and after the course. Results: the results suggested that fasting glucose levels were improved significantly in both training groups (respectively, t=7.79, p=0.001 and t=6.85, p=0.001), while Insulin was improved only in supplement-training group (t=7.79, p=0.001). Comparing the two groups showed that glucose levels were significantly different with a preference for supplement training group (p=0.001), while no significant difference was found for insulin. Quality of sleep and its parameters were also improved significantly after intervention (p≤0.05) except sleep efficacy in training group which it improvement was not significant. Conclusion: Training along with garlic supplement has an effective role in regulation of blood glucose and insulin in prediabetic obese patients and mere aerobic training will also result in glucose regulation.}, Keywords = {Prediabetes, Exercise, Garlic, Insulin, Glucose, Sleep Disorder}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {51-53}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.1.51}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-627-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-627-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Masaeli, Maryam and Nasouhi, soheil and Shahabian, Masou}, title = {Reduced discharge against medical advice at the emergency department of Be’sat Hospital in Tehran}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Emergency Department, Patient Discharge, Personal AutonomyEmergency Department, Patient Discharge, Personal Autonomy}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {54-56}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.1.54}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-675-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-675-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {dehghani, ali and sadat, javad and eftekhari, adel and azizi, maryam}, title = {Post-traumatic stress disorder in earthquake survivors}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Natural Disasters, Earthquake, Survivors}, volume = {21}, Number = {1}, pages = {57-59}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.1.57}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-552-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-552-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {jafari, mohsen and emamyan, danyal}, title = {Evaluation of fibrinogen and lipoprotein(a) levels in athlete and non-athlete disabled veteran men}, abstract ={Background: Fibrinogen and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] are two cardiovascular risk factors that increase risk of atherosclerosis through inflammation and coagulation mechanisms. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of mentioned factors between athlete and non-athlete disabled veterans. Materials and methods: subjects of this study were 16 male, non-chemical warfare victim, disabled veterans that assigned into two groups as control and experimental. Athlete subjects were players of North Khorasan Province veteran’s futsal team who had regular exercise training in past six months. Trainings of athlete group were three sessions per week that each session involved warming up, technical, tactical and fitness trainings and cooling down. Non-athlete subjects had no regular exercise training in past six months. Serum fibrinogen and Lp(a) levels of subjects were analyzed after 12 hours fasting, using auto-analyzer system. Independent sample t-test was used for comparing of dependent variables means between two groups. Results: Analysis of data showed that mean values of fibrinogen and Lp(a) were lower in experimental group compared to control group (p≤0.05). Conclusion: According to study findings, regular futsal trainings leads to reduction of fibrinogen and Lp(a) levels that is effective in prevention of atherosclerosis and heart stroke.}, Keywords = {Fibrinogen, Lipoprotein(a), Veterans Disability Claim, Exercise Training}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {4-9}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.4}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-741-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-741-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {ghahremani, mehran and karbalaeifar, sar}, title = {Effect of six weeks low intensity interval training on expression of atrial and brain natriuretic peptide genes following myocardial infarction in rat}, abstract ={Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the irreversible cell death caused by ischemia in parts of myocardium. Atrial and Brain natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP) are known as strong markers of myocardial infarction. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of six weeks low intensity interval training on ANP and BNP genes expression in rats following myocardial infarction. Materials and methods: Twelve male Wistar rats on the age of 12 weeks and mean weight of 250-300gr were allocated in two equal groups including experimental group (60 minutes interval running on a treadmill, each cycle including four minutes of running with intensity of 55-60% VO2max and two minutes of active recovery with 45-50% VO2max intensity, three days a week for six weeks) and control group (without training). Real-time PCR was used to assess the expression level of ANP and BNP genes in myocardium (following the MI induction by surgical blocking of left coronary artery). Statistical analysis of data we performed by independent t-test. Results: Our findings showed that there was a significant decrease in expressions of ANP and BNP genes among experimental group in contrast with control group (p= 0.011 and p=0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Adaptation to low intensity interval training may control and moderate the secretion of cardiac hormones in the training group compared to control group following myocardial infarction.  }, Keywords = {Myocardial infarction, Atrial Natriuretic Peptides, Ventricular Natriuretic Peptide B-type, Exercise}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {10-17}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.10}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-640-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-640-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {nikseresht, mehdi and dabidiroshan, valiolah and nikseresht, mahmou}, title = {Association between age and physical activity level with chest pain symptoms and blood pressure in patients with heart diseases}, abstract ={Background: The risk of cardiovascular diseases increases in relation with age and physical inactivity. However, there is limited data about the importance of each factor. Thus, the present study has examined the association of physical activity level (PA) and age with chest pain signs and blood pressures in patients with heart failure. Materials and methods: Totally, 299 patients with heart failure in two age groups of 45-59 years old (middle-aged, N=175) and 60-77 years old (elderly, N=124) were enrolled to the study. Chest pain signs were evaluated by Rose angina questionnaire (chest pain questionnaire, London school of public health) and blood pressure and physical activity levels of the participants were also assessed. Data analysis was performed by partial and Pearson’s correlation coefficient tests. Results: In the middle-aged group, the PA had a significant negative correlation with chest pain signs (p= 0.004, r= -0.221) independent of age, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference, however the correlation was not significant in the elderly group. There was a positive and significant correlation between the chest pain and age in the elderly group (p=0.020, r=0.212); however, this relationship was not significant for the middle-aged group. There were no significant relations between blood pressure and neither PA nor age in both groups. Conclusion: It seems that the level of physical activity in the 45-59 years old patients is an effective factor to improve chest pain signs in comparison to 60-77 years old.}, Keywords = {Chest pain, Exercise, Aging}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {18-24}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.18}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-693-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-693-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {siahvash, faezeh and shabbidar, sakineh and yekaninejad, mirsaee}, title = {The relationship of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and total dietary antioxidant intake with metabolic biomarkers in the elderly living in Tehran city}, abstract ={Background: Exposure to particulate air pollutants is one of the major problems and crises in Tehran metropolis, Iran. Various studies have shown the effect of particulate matter of air contaminants as an increase in cardiovascular and oxidative stress. So, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of <2.5 micrometers and <10 micrometers microns particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and total dietary antioxidant intake with fasting blood glucose (FBS), serum lipids, and hypertension in the elderly living in Tehran. Materials and methods: This study was performed on 226 elderly people in 2015. Demographic data and frequency of food questionnaires were collected from qualified individuals. Total dietary antioxidant intake was calculated and biochemical tests (FBS and serum lipid measurement) were performed. Concentrations of air Particulate Matter were obtained from relevant organizations in Tehran province. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA test. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean systolic blood pressure between first and second tertile of PM2.5 (p=0.044) and PM10 (p=0.026). There was also a significant difference in diastolic blood pressure between the first and second tertile and also between the second and third tertile of PM10 (p=0.002). However, there was no significant relationship between particulate matter and dietary antioxidants with other metabolic biomarkers. Conclusion: The present study showed that exposure of elderly citizens with particulate matters less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter would increase their blood pressure.}, Keywords = {Particulate Matter, Antioxidants, Blood Pressure}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {25-31}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.25}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-680-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-680-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ivandar, Forozan and Mohammadi, farz}, title = {The effect of eight weeks of Yoga exercise on sustained attention and memory performance in people with Schizophrenia}, abstract ={Background: Cognitive impairment is one of the most important symptoms of schizophrenia. Although drug therapy is beneficial for the improvement of schizophrenia symptoms, about 30% of patients are resistant to treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of Yoga exercises on the sustained attention and memory performance of schizophrenic patients. Materials and methods: In this semi-experimental study, 24 schizophrenia patients were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups in terms of Intelligence quotient, duration of illness, medication and alcohol and narcotics consumption. Participants performed a sustained attention and memory performance test before starting Yoga exercises. The sustained attention and memory performance tests were repeated after eight weeks of Yoga exercises, three sessions per week. Results: The results showed that Yoga exercises had a significant effect on sustained attention subscales (p<0.05). However, there was no change in the commission error after the Yoga exercises. Furthermore, in memory performance, the effect of Yoga exercises on general memory, mental control, associative learning, and visual memory subscales were significant (p<0.05). But these changes were not significant in other subscales. Conclusion: The present study shows that eight weeks of Yoga exercises have changed the subscales of sustained attention and memory performance, which is effective on the cognitive function of schizophrenic patients. It is suggested that Yoga exercises be used to improve the sustained attention and memory performance of schizophrenic patients.}, Keywords = {Yoga, Attention, Memory, Schizophrenia}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {32-40}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.32}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-635-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-635-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Farsi, Zahra and Sajadi, Seyedeh Azam and Dormanesh, Banafsheh and Beheshtifar, Maryam}, title = {The students’ attitude of Aja University of Medical Sciences toward the idealistic management model}, abstract ={Background: Attitude toward management models plays a significant role in the organization's progress and the health of human capital. Since the students of the Aja University of Medical Sciences will play a key role in managing the military health institutes and providing health for army personnel and their families in the future, so this study was conducted to investigate the students’ attitude of Aja University of Medical Sciences toward the “Idealistic Management Model". Materials and methods: This descriptive-analytic study was performed in 2017. Totally, 364 students of Aja University of Medical Sciences were recruited by simple random sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to assess the attitude of subjects towards the “Idealistic Management Model”. The content and face validity of the questionnaire were confirmed. Results: The total score of students’ attitude toward the “Idealistic Management Model” was 134.68±18.27. Most of the subjects (64%) had a very favorable attitude toward this model. There was a significant negative correlation between age and educational grade with different dimensions and the total score of the “Idealistic Management Model” (p<0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the college type and the dimensions of managerial and personality competency (p<0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between the field of study with managerial competency and personality competency with a total score of “Idealistic Management Model” (p<0.05). Conclusion: The students had a very desirable attitude towards the “Idealistic Management Model”. More studies to assess the attitude of other students and personnel in other setting are recommended.  }, Keywords = {Attitude, Students, Idealistic Management Model}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {41-50}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.41}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-710-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-710-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Zolfaghari, F and peeri, maghsou}, title = {The effect of 4-weeks voluntary exercise on separation anxiety disorder in rats}, abstract ={Background: Separation anxiety is the most common anxiety disorder in children. The neglected treatment of this disorder at early ages may be a risk factor for other childhood and adult psychological disorders. The early years of life are considered to be one of the most critical stages of human development and any physical or psychological damage will cause the effects on sustainability in other stages of human development. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of voluntary physical activity on depression caused by maternal separation stress in male rats. Materials and methods: In the present study, we applied maternal separation (MS) ‎as a valid animal model of early life adversity to male Wistar ‎albino rats from postnatal ‎day (PND) 2 to 14 for 180 min per day. At PND 21, rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups (Control, MS, Running Wheel exercise). At ‎PND 60, depressive-like behaviors were assessed by using forced ‎swimming test. Results: Our result revealed the depressive-like behaviors following MS ‎stress. In the Running Wheel group depression treatment behavior was observed. ‎ Conclusion: In this study we found that running wheel exercise as a voluntary physical training unlike mandatory physical exercise during adolescence is able to change depressive-like behaviors.}, Keywords = {Depression, Exercise, Anxiety}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {51-55}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.51}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-691-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-691-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {nejadshafiee, mahdiye and Rahmani, Ali and nekoeimoghadam, mahmoo}, title = {Nursing care in disasters and incidents}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Nursing Care, Disasters, Disaster Medicine}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {56-59}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.56}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-689-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-689-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {kholousi, parvaneh and tojari, farshad and nikaeen, zinat}, title = {The motivation of participation among Iranian elderly in physical activities between different occupational, educational, and age groups}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Motivation, Physical Activity, Social Participation, Elderly, Iran}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {60-63}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.60}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-797-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-797-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Farsi, Zahra and Vahedian-Azimi, Amir and Ebadi, Abbas}, title = {The perspective of 2030 nursing profession in Iran}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {Nurse, Nursing, Iran, Futurology}, volume = {21}, Number = {2}, pages = {64-66}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.2.64}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-803-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-803-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {olyanAjam, shahnaz and Ghasemizad, Alireza and Gholtash, Abbas}, title = {Explanation of a process-based model for crisis medicine: a qualitative study}, abstract ={Background: The goal of crisis medicine management is to provide uniform ways to encounter with, interfere and renovation in the case of disasters in health system. With regard to the importance of hospitals’ awareness against crisis, the present study has tried to explain a process based model for crisis medicine to prevent inter- and intra- hospital incidents and minimize the resulting physical and financial damages of crisis. Materials and methods: The study was a qualitative research with a grounded theory approach. The population of the study was purposefully selected from medical and non-medical employees of Tohid Hospital (Boushehr, Iran) through a deep interview. The participants included 20 medical staffs, 10 department supervisors and five experts in crisis management. The data collection performed until data saturation was achieved. Data analysis was performed using coding (open, axis and selective coding). The credibility was confirmed through plausibility, transformability, reliability and verifiability. Results: The components of crisis medicine management process are: risk assessment, resource evaluation, planning (prevention, preparation, coping, and recovery), process effectiveness, process upgrade that designed in a nine steps concept model. Conclusion: To succeed in planning of crisis medicine management in hospitals, a systematic approach is needed. Process-based management of crisis medicine is a regular, transparent, measurable and monitorable method that is recommended for improvement in crisis medicine.}, Keywords = {Health, Disaster Medicine, Hospitals, Disaster Planning}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {4-11}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.4}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-783-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-783-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Govahi, Amin and Tahmasebi, Worya and Azizi, Mohamm}, title = {Evaluation of the simultaneous effect of Chlorella vulgaris supplementation and high intensity interval training on resting levels of oxidative stress markers and aerobic fitness in overweight healthy men}, abstract ={Background: Considering Chlorella vulgaris role in improving the antioxidant system, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) program and Chlorella vulgaris supplements on levels of oxidative stress markers in overweight men. Materials and methods: Thirty subjects in this study (Age: 22.8±2.1 yrs; BMI: 27.1±9.6 Kg/m2) were randomly assigned into three groups: supplement + exercise, placebo + training, and training groups. Before and 48 hours after the end of six weeks of HIIT, blood samples were taken from subjects and used for Malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and nitric oxide (NO) serum levels measurements. The participants' training program included six weeks of HIIT progressive exercise three days a week with 90% maximum heart rate intensity. Subjects of the supplement group received Chlorella vulgaris supplement (300 mg) four times daily for six weeks, and the placebo group consumed Sucrose tablets similar to the chlorella tab. Results: The results showed that Chlorella vulgaris supplementation with HIIT exercises significantly decreased MDA and PC compared to other groups (p<0.05). Also, NO levels when comparing the three groups showed a significant increase in the supplement+exercise group compared to the training group (p<0.05) but did not show significant differences with the placebo+training group. Conclusion: High-intensity physical activity along with Chlorella vulgaris compared to intense exercise without chlorella can have more beneficial effects on antioxidant indices in overweight people.}, Keywords = {Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant, Malondialdehyde, Protein Carbonylation}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {12-22}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.12}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-820-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-820-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Jafarizadeh, fateme and bahrainian, maji}, title = {Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy on psychological flexibility and resilience of women with breast cancer}, abstract ={Background: Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is one of the psychological methods to result in greater resilience and psychological flexibility by facing the previously avoided situations. The purpose of present study was to determine the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on psychological flexibility and resilience of women with breast cancer. Materials and methods: In this pretest-posttest designed research, 50 people were non-randomly selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups each containing 25 individuals. Acceptance, function and resilience measures were used and Multivariate Covariance Analysis (MANCOVA) was performed for inferential analysis. Results: The means of psychological flexibility and resilience in the posttest were respectively 44.2500 and 95.0000 in the experimental group and 34.0000 and 77.2400 in the control group. The means difference was significant between experimental and control groups that shows the efficacy of ACT therapy in women with breast cancer. The effect of ACT therapy in the posttest phase on the variables of psychological flexibility and resilience was 0.30 (p=0.000) and 0.19 (p=0.048), respectively, which means that 30% of the variance of psychological flexibility scores and 19% of variance of Resilience scores in posttest were due to acceptance and commitment therapy. Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment therapy increases the psychological flexibility and resilience of women with breast cancer.}, Keywords = {Breast Neoplasms, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Psychological Resilience, Psychological Tests}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {23-30}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.23}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-737-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-737-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mahboubi, Saeideh and Nourmohammadi, Abbas and NezamiAsl, Amir and MazloumFazel, Alireza and Mousavi, Seyyedeh Asefeh and Doaee, Mahdieh}, title = {Evaluation of health status and correlation between body mass index and visceral fat and bone mass in healthy adults}, abstract ={Background: Non-communicable diseases are the most common cause of premature death worldwide. Sedentary life style and unhealthy nutrition underlie for the increased fat, visceral mass, decreased bone mass and non-communicable diseases. In the present study the health status in apparently healthy people and the correlation between Body mass index (BMI) with visceral fat and bone mass was evaluated. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study with available sampling on 400 volunteer adults was performed. Inclusion criteria was signature of informed consent and exclusion criteria was dissatisfaction, high food intake, severe exercise, menstruation and apparent disease. Tanita Body composition Analyzer was used for body assessment. The correlation between BMI and visceral fat and bone mass was assayed by statistical methods and regression analysis was used to predict the value of mentioned dependent variables from BMI. Results: The participated population consisted of 43.3% male and 56.7% female. Of overall population, 51.5% were over-weighted and 10.9% were obese. Women and men respectively had 33.8% and 28.57% excessive fat mass, and 74.5% and 54.7% bone mass reduction. High visceral fat mass was seen in 15.8% of the individuals and 1% had a very high visceral fat mass. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient between BMI and visceral fat was 0.564 which was statistically significant. Conclusion: The seemingly healthy people have serious risk factors and unhealthy conditions, such as high visceral fat and osteoporosis that are the cause of chronic diseases. Many people have not a proper risk perception for decision making and need prevention visit. Prevention clinics can play an important role in risk perception, disease prevention, and health promotion.}, Keywords = {Body Mass Index, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Osteoporosis, Preventive Health Services}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {31-38}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.31}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-763-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-763-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {zandi, azadeh and kavyani, hass}, title = {Surveying Internet addiction among military parents}, abstract ={Background: Internet addiction is a phenomenon caused by excessive use of the Internet and cyberspace which has been identified as one of the national health problems in recent decades. In this regard, considering the special circumstances of military families, we investigated the rate of Internet addiction among military parents. Materials and methods: The statistical population of this study included all married personnel of a military unit with their spouses of 134 people. Using Cochran formula, 98 of them were selected as sample size. Data were collected using Yang Internet addiction questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: The results showed that the mean scores of Internet addiction is 46.07 which is in the low-level spectrum. The findings showed that a total of 64% of respondents had Internet addiction. The results of ANOVA test also indicated that among demographic variables, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of respondents (gender, education, age) only in the educational variables. Conclusion: Special conditions of military families are one of the potential drivers of dependency beyond the need for parents to access the Internet and cyberspace, which requires preventive measures.}, Keywords = {Addictive Behavior, Cyberspace, Internet, Military Personnel}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {39-43}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.39}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-709-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-709-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {ghahremani, mehran and karbalaeifar, sar}, title = {Effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training on AMPK and PGC-1α gene expression levels in the Soleus muscles in rats with myocardial infarction}, abstract ={Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the irreversible cell death in parts of myocardium which affects not only cardiovascular system but also other tissues of the body, including skeletal muscle, and in particular the function of mitochondria. It seems that increasing mitochondrial biogenesis is helpful in reducing these complications. Studies have shown that regular exercise increases mitochondrial biogenesis. But its molecular mechanism and the type and intensity of the exercise are not exactly specified. This study intends to examine the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training on the gene expression levels of AMPK and PGC-1α in slow-twitch muscles (Soleus) in rats with myocardial infarction. Materials and methods: For this purpose, 12 male Wistar rats with myocardial infarction were divided into two experimental groups (30 minutes regular running, each interval including 4 minutes running with a severity of 90-85% VO2max and two minutes of active recovery with 50%-60% VO2max intensity for three days a week for eight weeks) and control (no exercise). The expression of AMPK and PGC-1α genes was studied as an effective factor in upstream mitochondrial biogenesis. Results: The results showed that the expression of AMPK and PGC-1α genes increased significantly (p<0.001 and p=0.012, respectively). Conclusion: Eight weeks of high intensity interval training increase mitochondrial biogenesis by affecting AMPK and PGC-1α genes in the soleus muscles of rats with myocardial infarction.}, Keywords = {Myocardial Infarction, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Rats, Training Programs}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {44-50}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.44}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-767-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-767-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Norouzi, Hadis and SadeghiBenis, Mohammad Rez}, title = {Investigation of fatigue and burnout among military nurses in emergency department with 12-hour shifts}, abstract ={Background: Fatigue and job burnout can have a negative effect on nurses’ health and patient care. The aim of this study was to investigate fatigue and burnout in emergency department nurses in two military hospitals. Materials and methods: To determine fatigue and burnout, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were used, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Pearson’s correlation test at a significant level of p<0.05. Results: Overall, 110 military nurses participated in this study. The findings of this research showed that the general fatigue and reduction activity had the highest and lowest scores of fatigue dimensions, respectively. In addition, the results indicated that more than 60% of nurses had low personal quality and depersonalization. There was a significant relationship between fatigue and burnout (p<0.05). Conclusion: In order to reduce fatigue and burnout, ergonomic interventions (training, shifts, transport equipment of patients, etc.) are recommended.}, Keywords = {Fatigue, Burnout, Nurses, Military}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {51-57}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.51}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-731-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-731-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Geramipour, Alireza and Azin, Mehrdad and Sanjabi, MohammadRez}, title = {Investigation of the effect of using Vinasse in the feed of Holstein male calves on the quality of their meat as a meal in the armies food ration}, abstract ={Background: One way to increase the protein content of the soldiers' diet is to increase the protein content of red meat. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of vinasse in the feed of Holstein male calf and its effect on carcass meat quality. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight Holstein male calves were divided into four groups and were fed on the one of the experimental diets that were similar in energy and protein content over a period of 110 days. The diets differed in composition (Vinas + molasses) and silage with different ratios of Vinas instead of cottonseed meal, with four diets including no Vinase (control), 5%, 10% and 15% Vinas, respectively. At the end, the amount of ammonia nitrogen in the rumen fluid was measured as well as sampling from the locations of 10th, 11th, and 12th ribs to determine the chemical composition. Results: Between Vinas15% group and other groups, there was a significant difference in rumen ammonia nitrogen level at the end of the experimental period (p<0.05). Calves fed the control diet and the diet containing 10% of Vienna had the highest and the lowest fat thickness on the 12th rib, respectively. Mean protein to fat ratio increased with increasing Vinase level (p<0.05). Also, the mean moisture content and crude protein content of rib bones increased significantly with increasing Vinase level in the diet. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that adding the vinase in the Holstein calf feed can increase the protein content to 16%, while reducing the fat content to 5%. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the protein content of the military’s ration by adding Viennas to the rations.}, Keywords = {Proteins, Animal Feed, Military Personnel, Diet}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {58-61}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.58}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-699-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-699-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {najarzadeh, azadeh and eftekhari, adel and sadat, javad and azizi, maryam and mirzaei, samaneh}, title = {Concerns and nutritional needs after natural disasters}, abstract ={Background: One of the most important tasks of community leaders is to anticipate, plan, and provide the necessary measures deal with the crisis and its consequences. Providing safe as well as healthy water and food for those affected is one of the most important steps that governments should take. The present article reviewed nutritional needs at the time of natural disaster and measures needed to address them. Materials and methods: In this review study, data were collected using databases searching and keywords nutrition, management, crisis, disasters, and rations from 1960 to 2017. Results: After reviewing the studies, it was observed that after the disasters, firstly, measures such as population estimation for service provision, probable estimation of infant children, climatic conditions of the region, food-aware human resources and etc., should be done by food management in times of crisis. After evaluating the nutritional status of the priority groups, it should be designed to each individual nutrition management plan. Conclusion: Due to the important role of nutrition in disasters, the best nutritional content should be provided in accordance with the conditions of disasters, available standards for any type of foodstuff and appropriate for any age, sex, etc., should be provided, and according to nutritional requirements and inaccessibility of foodstuffs, powder packages with needed ingredients for rapid dissolution in water should be prepared.}, Keywords = {Health Resources, Disasters, Nutritional Status}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {62-70}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.62}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-621-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-621-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ashiani, Danial and Hejazi, Ashkan and Akbari, Rez}, title = {Advantages and disadvantages of MRI in gestation}, abstract ={}, Keywords = {MRI Scans, Safety, Fetus, Pregnancy}, volume = {21}, Number = {3}, pages = {71-74}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.3.71}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-717-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-717-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Sepehrian, Ali and Shakeri, Nader and Abednatanzi, Hossein and Soheily, Shahram}, title = {The effect of methylphenidate and aerobic exercise on male rats\' liver enzymes}, abstract ={Background: Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. But taking it without prescription from a physician to increase athletic and academic performance is common. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of methylphenidate and aerobic exercise on the function of rats' liver enzymes. Materials and methods: Samples of this study were 80 male Wistar rats with average weight of 228±15 gr which divided into eight groups of ten. Studied groups included control group, aerobic exercise sham, drug sham, aerobic exercise, 10 mg of drug, 30 mg of drug, aerobic exercise +10 mg and aerobic exercise +30 mg group. Drug groups and aerobic exercise + drug groups took drugs according to their weights orally. The physical activity (25 m/min) was performed 30 minutes a day, three days a week for two months for aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise + drug groups. After the last session of aerobic exercise, blood samples were taken from the rats, and also liver enzymes were measured. Statistical computations (ANOVA, Tukey) were performed for data analysis at the level of 0.05. Results: Statistical calculations among different groups showed that serum changes in liver enzymes in the aerobic exercise group were not significantly different from the control, aerobic, and sham groups. However, in the drug group and also in the exercise + drug group, the increased dose-dependent of serum in liver enzymes was significantly higher than the control, aerobic, drug sham, and aerobic training groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: A dose-dependent increase in liver enzymes in the drug and exercise + drug groups, even in comparison to the aerobic exercise group, suggests a possible hepatotoxicity of non-therapeutic use of methylphenidate risk of non-therapeutic methylphenidate associated with aerobic exercise. Therefore, further research is needed to confirm and generalize these results.}, Keywords = {Methylphenidate, Aerobic Exercise, Liver Enzyme}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {4-12}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.4}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-740-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-740-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {nameni, farah and NaeiniMohammadi, Mohammad Saei}, title = {The effect of endurance resistance exercise combined with L­citrulline malate supplement on FGF, VEGF, and fatigue among young bodybuilders}, abstract ={Background: Citrulline malate is a non-essential alpha-amino acid supplement resulting from arginine oxidation and may cause changes in the immunity, cardiovascular, and angiogenic mechanisms. It also reduces the rating of fatigue perception. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an endurance resistance exercise course combined with citrulline malate supplement on Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and the amount of fatigue among young bodybuilders. Materials and methods: In a semi-experimental study, 40 boys who were the members of fitness clubs were selected with simple random sampling method and were divided into four groups: control, exercise (12 weeks, four sessions per week with the intensity of 50-55% VO2max and for 75min), supplements (3000mg L-citrulline, three times a day), and supplement + exercise. Changes in VEGF and FGF concentration (blood sample) and fatigue perception (by Borg scale) were recorded at the beginning and end of the period. Results: Results of analysis of variance showed that endurance resistance training and citrulline malate consumption significantly increased VEGF and FGF. There was also a decrease in the perception of the difficulty of the exercise in the exercise + supplement group compared to the supplement group, exercise group, and control group (p≤0.05). However, Bonferroni test confirmed a significant difference only in VEGF. Conclusion: Citrulline malate and endurance resistance training with increasing VEGF and FGF enhance angiogenesis and cardiovascular activity. Therefore, this may help improve exercise performance by reducing the perception of the difficulty of the exercise.}, Keywords = {Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Citrulline, Boys}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {13-24}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.13}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-774-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-774-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mohamadi, Ahad and Dabaghi, Parviz and Ahmadi-tahour-soltani, Mohsse}, title = {The effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy on the reduction of self- injurious behaviors among soldiers with a history of self-injury}, abstract ={Background: Self-injurious behaviors are seen in young people and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy on the reduction of self- injurious behaviors among soldiers with a history of self- injury in a military unit. Materials and methods: This quasi-experimental study was a pre-test and post-test one with a control group with follow-up. Totally, 20 individual who had the inclusion criteria were randomly selected among soldiers with the history of self- injury. Gratis intentional self-injury behavior questionnaire was used for data collection in pre-test and post-test. After the pre-test, the experimental group was treated in a dialectical behavior therapy. This program was run in 12 sessions of 90 minutes and two sessions a week. Results: The results showed that dialectical behavior therapy by group method was effective in reducing self-injurious behaviors of soldiers with a history of self- injury in a military unit at the significant level of p=0.04. Also, it was effective in the reduction of intrapersonal and interpersonal functions of self-injurious behaviors among these soldiers Conclusion: In summary, dialectic behavior therapy had a significant effect in reducing self-injurious behaviors in soldiers with a positive history.}, Keywords = {Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Self-Injurious Behavior, Soldiers, Military}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {25-33}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.25}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-729-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-729-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Mohammadi, Masoud and Vaisi-Raygani, Aliakbar and Jalali, Rostam and Ghobadi, Akram and Salalri, Nader}, title = {Prevalence of depression in soldiers of Iranian military centers: A meta-analysis}, abstract ={Background: Depression is one of the common problems in military forces that causes a severe disability. Therefore, because of the importance of the issue and the inconsistency of the results of previous studies, this research was aimed to perform a systematic and meta-analytic review of the prevalence of depression among soldiers. Materials and methods: A meta-analysis was carried out using researches published between 2001 and 2017. The related articles were obtained through research databases. Heterogeneity of the study was tested using I2 index, and data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA) software. Results: The overall prevalence of depression among Iranian soldiers was 50% (95% CI: 31.8%-68.1%). The highest prevalence of depression was recorded among 80% of NAHAJA soldiers (95% Cl: 71%-86.7%), and the lowest prevalence was reported among 15.9% of a garrison located in Tehran City (95% Cl:11.8%-21%). To investigate the potential effective factors on heterogeneity in the prevalence of depression among Iranian soldiers, meta-regression of sample size and year of the study was used. The only significant difference in this study was related to the sample size increase, resulting in a reduction of prevalence of depression in these soldiers. Conclusion: In the current study, the prevalence of depression in soldiers is very high. As a result, it is necessary for state and military authorities to take effective measures to improve the mental health of the soldiers.}, Keywords = {Depression, Soldiers, Military, Meta-Analysis}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {34-40}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.34}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-759-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-759-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ghahari, Laya and Safari, Manouchehr and Jadidi, Maji}, title = {The effect of electromagnetic field on proliferation and differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem­cells to neurons}, abstract ={Background: Today, due to ever-expanding of using electronic systems and electromagnetic fields in the living environment and it can be used in treatment of some neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of electromagnetic waves on cord blood stem cells. Materials and methods: The newborn's umbilical cord was transferred to a cell culture laboratory under sterile conditions. Then, using hyaluronidase, trypsin and collagenase enzymes, the cells were separated and cultured. For purification and removal of additional cells, the flasks were passaged three times. Then, flasks were incubated in the incubator with electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 50 Hz and intensity 0.25, 0.5, and 1 millitesla, two hours per day for a consecutive 14 days. Then, neuronal specific antibodies and MTT assay were tested for neuronal proliferation and differentiation of the cells. Results: The results showed that the intensity of 0.5 and 1 significantly decreased the number of cells, but in the 0.25 millitesla, there was no significant decrease in the number of cells in comparison with the control group. In addition, differentiation was observed only in 0.25 and 0.5 millitesla groups, but not in group 1 millitesla. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that electromagnetic waves can differentiate and expand the umbilical mesenchymal stem cells.}, Keywords = {Electromagnetic Waves, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Umbilical Cord, Neurons}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {41-50}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.41}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-793-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-793-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Vahaji, Neda and Tayefe, Mandana and Sadeghi, Mostaf}, title = {Comparison of the concentration of heavy elements and their weekly absorption in consumed rice planted in different regions of Guilan province}, abstract ={Background: Contamination of rice with heavy metals and its entry into the food chain can cause irreparable damage to human health and the environment. The purpose of this study was to compare the concentration of heavy elements and their weekly absorption in consumed rice which has produced in different regions of Guilan province. Materials and methods: In this study, Hashemi rice samples were in nine areas of Guilan province. To determine the level of contamination of rice to heavy metals, an induced plasma mass spectrometry device (ICP-MS) was utilized. One-way analysis of variance and the mean comparison based on Duncan test at 5% probability were carried out level for nine areas with control group (10 treatments) in three replications for the elements cadmium, lead, nickel, and chromium. Results: There was a significant difference among the studied areas in terms of concentration of heavy metals as well as a significant difference with control. In all areas, lead was higher than the permitted level (0.2ppm). Except for Rudsar, Kudeh, and Kumeleh, chromium was higher than the permitted limit (1ppm). The concentration of nickel in Rasht and Shanderman was higher than the limit value (0.6ppm). Cadmium was lower than permitted value (0.1 ppm) in all areas. It should be noted that based on the FAO/WHO standard, the measured values of all studied metals were tolerable for human in the permissible weekly level. Conclusion: Although tolerable weekly intake of evaluated metals by people through rice consumption was not higher than the permitted value, the consumption of other contaminated foods with heavy elements along with rice may lead to significant and irreparable effects.}, Keywords = {Heavy Metals, Rice, Food Contamination, Cadmium, Lead, chromium, Nickel}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {51-58}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.51}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-773-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-773-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Khademi, Abolfazl and Jahanbakhsh, Zahra and Yousefpour, Mitra and KaramiJuyani, Afsaneh}, title = {Molecular and genetic mechanisms of physiological adaptations in high- altitude natives Molecular and genetic mechanisms of physiological adaptations in high- altitude natives}, abstract ={Physiological properties of adaptation to chronic hypoxia can help the high-altitude natives to overcome oxygen limitations. The protective effects of high altitudes have also been confirmed in experimental studies using the hypobaric chamber. Many factors have been introduced about molecular mechanisms of the protective effects of chronic hypoxia. Studies in the past decades and recent genomic studies have suggested a genetic basis for these physiological adaptations in these areas. It is also known that patterns of genetic variations are different among major populations of high altitudes. This article is a review of the physiological adaptations to chronic hypoxia and its molecular and genetic mechanisms.  }, Keywords = {Physiological Adaptation, Altitude Hypoxia, Genetic Variation}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {59-73}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.59}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-695-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-695-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Moeeni, Fateme and Dowran, Behnaz and Dabaghi, Parviz}, title = {The third-wave of cognitive-behavioral therapies for borderline personality disorder in Iran: a systematic review}, abstract ={Background: Among personality disorders, borderline personality disorder is one of the severe and serious psychiatric disorders, and one of the most effective psychological treatments to improve its symptoms is third-wave psychotherapies. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review focused on the effect of third wave psychotherapies on borderline personality disorder. Materials and methods: In this systematic review, a search of clinical trials articles was done in Persian and English using the keywords "Borderline Personality Disorder", "Dialectical Behavior Therapy", "Acceptance and Commitment Therapy " and "Schema Therapy". Results: Totally, twelve full-text articles were reviewed. After searching, screening, and evaluation, the results showed that all studies in general (overall score) had reported a positive effect of third wave interventions on improving borderline personality disorder, yet there were differences in some symptoms (such as anger, paranoid beliefs, absurdity, interpersonal relationships, impulsivity, etc.). The findings also showed that this therapy was effective for specific groups, including addicts and prisoners, but such usefulness was different in each group. Conclusion: In summary, studies were conducted on different individuals, small sample size, and different cultural contexts. According to these findings, the third-wave therapeutic interventions were effective in improving symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Further studies, however, are required in order to investigating its effects on some symptoms.}, Keywords = {Borderline Personality Disorder, Systematic Review, Schema Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {74-86}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.74}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-701-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-701-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Yaghoubian, Samereh and Mahmoudi, Ghahraman and Jahani, Mohammad-Ali}, title = {Strategic purchasing tactics of health services: a systematic review in cancer}, abstract ={Background: A strategic purchasing is the best way of a win-win situation between a buyer and a service provider. It promotes the financial performance of the health system, protects patients financially, and provides them with appropriate services. This study aimed to investigate the strategic purchasing tactics in cancer patients. Materials and methods: In this systematic review, 13 electronic databases and search engines were searched by appropriate keywords in the time spam of 2000-2018. English or Persian articles on the health issue were discussed, and their quality was evaluated using the CASP checklist. Results: Out of 2,999 identified articles, 21 articles with title, abstract, and text were included in the study. Based on the findings of this study, the main health service purchasing strategies among cancer patients were the strategies of service-recipient, service provider strategy, service-purchaser strategy, and financial tactics with some sub-strategies. Conclusion: Since strategic potentialities in the healthcare organization require a different administrative thinking, the protection and monitoring made by the government in regulating relations among all of stakeholders can improve the quality and cost-effectiveness of service provision and consequent economical profits of the health system.}, Keywords = {Hospital Purchasing, Health Services, Delivery of Health Care}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {87-99}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.87}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-722-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-722-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ghanbarzadeh, Nahid and Mehrani, Zohreh and Sharifzadeh, Gholamreza and Nadjafi-Semnani, Ali and Nadjafi-Semnani, Mohamm}, title = {Investigation the relationship between moral intelligence, social adjustment, and postpartum depression in women referring to Birjand health centers}, abstract ={Background: Postpartum depression is an important and common disease that may be exacerbated and prolonged if not diagnosed or treated early. It may affected by various factors including moral intelligence and social adjustment. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between moral intelligence, social adjustment, and postpartum depression in women referring to Birjand health centers. Materials and methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, the statistical population included all mothers who referred to health centers during the first six to eight weeks after delivery. Among the psychological centers, five centers were randomly selected and then 200 subjects with available sample were participated in the study. The research instruments were Edinburgh's standard postpartum depression questionnaire, moral intelligence questionnaire, and Wiseman's Social Adjustment Scale (1974). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient test and regression analysis. Results: There was a significant relationship between moral intelligence, social adjustment and depression (p<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the effect of mothers’ postpartum depression on their moral intelligence and adjustment, the accuracy and attention of health groups in postpartum referrals based on timely diagnosis of depression is necessary.}, Keywords = {Social Adjustment, Morality, Intelligence, Postpartum Depression}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {100-104}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.100}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-870-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-870-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Shahali, Hamze and Momenzadeh, Mahmu}, title = {Guidelines for risk assessment of infectious diseases transmitted on aircraft: Influenza}, abstract ={Due to the increasing prevalence of air travel around the world, it is possible to spread contagious infectious diseases from endemic areas to other areas. Of course, this can be largely prevented by raising the level of public health and awareness. Also, with the ease of air travel and the aging of communities, the number of elderly travelers with concomitant illnesses will increase, which will increase the mortality and morbidity associated with the spread of communicable infectious diseases. Stricter hygiene protocols implemented on airlines and proper design of modern aircraft can greatly reduce the transmission of contagious diseases. Our purpose in presenting this article was to formulate appropriate guidelines for experts and authorities to inform and provide best practices when dealing with an influenza epidemic.  }, Keywords = {Communicable Diseases, Aviation, Influenzas}, volume = {21}, Number = {4}, pages = {105-110}, publisher = {Islamic Republic of Iran/ Air Force Health Administration}, doi = {10.22034/21.4.105}, url = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-819-en.html}, eprint = {http://ebnesina.ajaums.ac.ir/article-1-819-en.pdf}, journal = {EBNESINA}, issn = {1735-9503}, eissn = {2645-4653}, year = {2019} }