Background: Neurofeedback is a new technique recently used in various fields such as mental, physical, educational and military with favorable results in improving brain function. This paper is a brief overview of the principles and concepts of neurofeedback and it effectiveness and the ways to use it in military training, especially in the area of aviation and pilot training. Materials and methods: A search through the contents of the internal and external Web sites and psychiatric textbooks was performed. Results: In this study of neurofeedback applications are described and the methods and systems for military training are provided, with emphasis on pilots’ training and their mental performance enhancement. Conclusion: Since the neurofeedback had effects on improving brain function in several studies and also used in developing countries in different areas, it can be helpful for pilot training to increase efficiency and reduce errors.